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008			201228b ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
100			_aHess, Paul M. _930192
245			_aProperty Rights, Redevelopment Areas, and Toronto Ratepayer Associations in the 1950s
260			_bSage, _c2019.
300			_aVol 45, Issue 2, 2019 (279-299 p.)
520			_aIn the 1950s, Toronto ratepayer associations inserted themselves into debates about property relations and the appropriate use of the City’s new redevelopment authority as then being tested by elected officials and developers. Two case studies are presented: a designated redevelopment area where the City failed to close a deal with development firms, and a request, ultimately denied, by a developer group to to have the City establish another area to acquire the properties they had failed to. In both cases, ratepayer associations did not question City expropriation of private property if done for a sufficiently public purpose but argued vehemently against City expropriation of land from one set of private owners to benefit another. Although it is not possible to fully know the effect ratepayer associations had on these failed attempts of using redevelopment authority, they should be seen as urban social movements organized to protect local property rights from developers and a new interventionist local state.
650			_aredevelopment, _932053
650			_aproperty, _932089
650			_a ratepayer associations, _936025
650			_a Toronto, _934079
650			_a planning _936026
700			_a Lewis, Robert _934324
773	0		_011044 _915476 _dSage, 2019. _tJournal of urban history
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1177/0096144217696987
942			_2ddc _cART