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100			_aYang, Xunlin _951918
245			_aEarly-Holocene monsoon instability and climatic optimum recorded by Chinese stalagmites/
260			_bSage, _c2019.
300			_aVol 29, issue 6, 2019 : (1059-1067 p.).
520			_aThe timing and duration of the Holocene East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) maximum and the interpretation of Chinese stalagmite δ18O records have long been disputed. Notably, interpretations of Holocene EASM variations are frequently based on a single record or study area and are often contradictory. In this study, we conducted stable isotope analyses of four Holocene stalagmites from Chongqing, southwest China. The results reveal differences in the timing of the Holocene EASM maximum and to try to resolve the inconsistency we analyzed and statistically integrated a total of 16 Holocene stalagmite records from 14 caves in the EASM region. The resulting synthesized Holocene stalagmite δ18O (δ18Osyn) record is in agreement with other EASM records and confirms that stalagmite δ18O records are a valid indicator of EASM intensity, rather of local precipitation amount. The δ18Osyn record shows that the EASM intensified rapidly from the onset of the early Holocene; notably, however, there were distinct EASM oscillations in the early Holocene, consisting of three abrupt millennial-scale events. This indicates that, contrary to several previous interpretations, the early Holocene EASM was unstable. Subsequently, during 8–6 kyr BP, the EASM was relatively stable and strong, with the strongest monsoon occurring during 8–7 kyr BP. This evidence of a stable and strong mid-Holocene EASM in eastern China is in accord with the classical view of a mid-Holocene Optimum in China.
650			_aclimatic optimum, _951919
650			_aearly Holocene, _951415
650			_aEast Asia, _951920
650			_amillennial-scale events, _951921
650			_a Stalagmite δ18O, _951922
650			_asummer monsoon _951923
700			_a Yang, Hong _951924
700			_aWang, Baoyan _951925
700			_aHuang, Li-Jung _951926
700			_aShen, Chuan-Chou _951927
700			_aEdwards, R Lawrence _951928
700			_aCheng, Hai _951929
773	0		_012756 _916504 _dLondon: Sage Publication Ltd, 2019. _tHolocene/ _x09596836
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1177/0959683619831433
942			_2ddc _cART
999			_c12829 _d12829