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100			_aCorso, Marta Dal _952378
245			_aModelling landscape transformation at the Chalcolithic Tripolye mega-site of Maidanetske (Ukraine): Wood demand and availability/
260			_bSage, _c2019.
300			_a Vol 29, issue 10, 2019 : (1622-1636 p.).
520			_aWood was a crucial resource for prehistoric societies, for instance, as timber for house construction and as fuel. In the case of the exceptionally large Chalcolithic Tripolye ‘mega-sites’ in central Ukraine, thousands of burnt buildings, indicating huge population agglomerations, hint at such a massive use of wood that it raises questions about the carrying capacity of the sensitive forest-steppe environment. In this contribution, we investigate the wood demand for the mega-site of Maidanetske (3990–3640 BCE), as reconstructed based on wood charcoal data, wood imprints on daub and the archaeo-magnetometry-based settlement plan. We developed a regional-scale model with a fuzzy approach and applied it in order to simulate the potential distribution and extent of woodlands before and after Chalcolithic occupation. The model is based upon the reconstructed ancient land surface, soil information derived from cores and the potential natural woodland cover reconstructed based on the requirements of the prevailing ancient tree species. Landscape scenarios derived from the model are contrasted and cross-checked with the archaeological empirical data. We aim to understand whether the demand for wood triggered the site development. Did deforestation and consequent soil degradation and lack of resources initiate the site’s abandonment? Or, alternatively, did the inhabitants develop sustainable woodland management strategies? Starting from the case study of Maidanetske, this study provides estimates of the extent of human impact on both carrying capacity and landscape transformations in the sensitive transitional forest-steppe environment. Overall, the results indicate that the inhabitants of the Chalcolithic site did not suffer from a significant shortage in the wood resource at any time of inhabitation in the contexts of the different scenarios provided by the model. An exception is given by the phase of maximum house construction and population within a scenario of dry climatic conditions.
650			_acharcoal, _951656
650			_a forest-steppe, _952379
650			_a imprints, _952380
650			_alandscape models, _952381
650			_a multi-proxy, _951387
650			_atimber, _952382
650			_aTrypillia _952383
700			_aHamer, Wolfgang _950900
700			_aHofmann, Robert _952384
700			_aOhlrau, René _952385
700			_aShatilo, Liudmyla _952386
700			_aKnitter, Daniel _950895
700			_aDreibrodt, Stefan _952321
700			_aSaggau, Philipp _952387
700			_aDuttmann, Rainer _950903
700			_aFeeser, Ingo _952322
700			_aKnapp, Hannes _952388
700			_aBenecke, Norbert _952389
700			_aVideiko, Mykhailo _952390
700			_aMüller, Johannes _952309
700			_aKirleis, Wiebke _952313
773	0		_012756 _916504 _dLondon: Sage Publication Ltd, 2019. _tHolocene/ _x09596836
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1177/0959683619857229
942			_2ddc _cART
999			_c12883 _d12883